Salut tout le monde!
I apologize for the great delay between postings, I went on spring break and came home to broken computer! But all is well again, and I've responded to your comments (keep 'em coming).

As many of you know from Lewis' book, language is very important in the French culture. If I remember correctly, at one point he compares it to a fencing match. And it's true, showing a mastery of the language would garner much respect, and there's such a large vocabulary of words to chose from, that you can select the perfect words to give the precise meaning you want to your phrase. To someone trying very hard to learn French, it seems that there are far more nuances in the French language. So I thought I dedicate this post to communication in France- the sounds, mannerisms, non-verbal communication, etc. Emily made a comment about this in an earlier post, and I was surprised how much I had to say about it! (So for you, Emily, this will be a lot of what I already said to you)

Let's start with the French greeting, which is the "bisous" or cheek kisses. There are unspoken rules for these bisous, such as how many to give and to whom. Depending on the region, people are greeted with 1-4 kisses (in Paris it's 4 and in Cannes it's 2). As for to whom gets the bisous, this would be your family, friends and colleagues, but you wouldn't generally initiate a bisous with your boss. Most Americans find the bisous too intimate as a greeting, and I personally felt a little awkward the first few times. If you're introduced to a French person who knows you're American, they often won't use the bisous because they know it can be uncomfortable for us. But now my friends and I love using the bisous! 

As for their unique mannerisms and sounds, in Cannes I've noticed that they use their hands a lot more when they speak than in Paris, which I imagine is another element of the Italian influence here. Aside from that, the most noticeable things are the different "space-filler" sounds they use. For example, when we would use "uhhhh" when we're thinking, they use a sound like "bahhh". Also, they often use a sound like a "pfft." to emphasize a shrug. Finally, the phrase "Ohh la la" a million different meanings depending on changes in tone and inflection.

With regards towards their slang, they do have slang words as well as English words such as "google" as a verb, "follower" from Twitter, and "fast-food,") that are commonplace and even in their dictionary. However, you are absolutely right about how they value their language. There's a group of people called The Academy that decide what new French words should be accepted into the dictionary and a mastery of the language garners much respect. Many of their slang words are formed using inversions. One type of inversion is to switch the first and last sounds and replace the middle with "eu". For example, the word for woman is "femme" and the slang term commonly used is "meuf." A party, or "une fête" is often called "une teuf." 

I'll just add one more note about how they communicate, and that is that they love to express their opinion! Politics, religion, love, - nothing is of the table of conversation subjects! The French are raised to always have an opinion, being neutral or indifferent is interpreted negatively as not understanding. In fact, the French love to debate, that is to speak with some with an opposing opinion. "Se disputer" (their verb for "dispute") does not carry any negative connotation at all. Through their education and upbringing, the French are taught to have an opinion and how to express it to have a supported argument. 

Maybe not the most exciting post, but I hope you learned something from it! I'll be sure to add pictures in the one next week!

Bisous!

Bonjour tout le monde!

My time living in Cannes seems to be flying by! The days are getting warmer and the sun is staying out later, yet even with these longer days, I still feel as busy as ever. In large part, I have my study abroad program (AIFS) to thank. The two local reps from AIFS have an office right on campus, and they are always incredibly welcoming and helpful. Every week they provide us with a newsletter of the upcoming events as well as advice on things like dealing with homesickness, French food, or radio stations for French news and music. AIFS has offered food and wine tastings, shown French movies, and have taken us on several day-trips, including the very small and very wealthy county of Monaco, the medieval city of Eze, and Grasse, the perfume capital of the world. With all of these visits, they include insightful tours and fun activities and also leave free time for independent exploration.

One of the yacht-studded ports of Monaco

One of the world's first major casinos is located in Monte Carlo

Parade from the "Carnaval" in Nice

Perfume factory and museum of Grasse

The 400 scents that a professional perfumer must memorize
by scent and chemical composition

For anyone looking to study abroad and comparing different companies, I would recommend looking into what excursions and activities they offer. All of these trips with AIFS have greatly added to the value and depth of my experience in Cannes. I cannot over-emphasize how important it is to travel while studying abroad. What's great about Europe is that independent travel on the weekend is easy and affordable. Every Friday there are several people from our group packing up to spend a few days in Paris, Milan, Dublin, Barcelona or Berlin. In the US you could fly for an hour and be in the same state. In Europe, you can land in a new country with a radically different culture with its own language, food, dress, etc. As for myself, I'm very excited to be spending our upcoming Spring Break exploring Amsterdam, Cologne, and Barcelona.

À bientôt,
Kara

Bienvenue à Cannes !

It’s time I finally introduce you all to the lovely city of Cannes! The city is made up of several ports on the coast of the Mediterranean near the Italian border. The Italian influence is very clear, in the food, the architecture, and the attitude.  For a girl who splits her time between Vermont and Ohio, I feel as though I’m living in paradise. My school is just across the road from the beach and my homestay in the heart of the city. Every morning I have a language course from 9am to noon and twice a week I have a seminar from 1:30pm to 5pm.

 

There are many distinct contrast between Cannes and Paris. Not only is Paris much more traditionally “French”, but the general population there is younger and the atmosphere is busy and not exactly friendly. The simplest analogy I can use to describe the cities and the difference between them is that if Paris is New York City, than Cannes is Florida. The people here are generally older (many come here to retire) and have a surplus of money and time to spend the day walking their small dogs or dining in cafés. For now, there are not many tourists, although at the time of the film festival the city quadruples in size!

This is the generous breakfast spread my roommate and I receive every morning at our homestay: half a baguette, jam, butter, cereal, milk, fruit, and coffee or tea

I’m still not sure how I feel about Lewis’ Culture Model or the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavioral Effectiveness (GLOBE) study and other research that tries to find universal norms for a country. Despite experiencing first hand all of these differences within France, I'm surprised to find myself believing more that such universal norms do exist. Lewis and the other cross-culture experts have found trends that are far deeper than the food or architecture, to find commonalities in the mentality, values, and attitudes of the people. I think for France, a major reason these commonalities exist is the the high degree of centralization of government, especially with regards to the education system. In my opinion, examples of a French norm would be the great value on their freedoms, such as freedom of the press/speech, and the importance of developing a strong collective rather than focusing on individual attention. If anyone has a question or would like me to explain further about these examples, the role of the school system, or anything I've mentioned, feel free to comment below!

À bientôt,

Kara

Bonjour de Cannes!

Two weeks ago, my J-term in Paris ended and I boarded a train for Cannes to start my spring semester. So far I have not experienced any serious homesicknesses and had wanted to leave France, but I will say that the day when all of my friends left to return to their families and their beds while I was to remain abroad for five more months was a very, very difficult and emotional one. The time in Paris felt like a blink. We did, saw, ate, and visited SO much in such a short amount of time (thanks in large part to the architecture class which was essentially a three hour walking tour of the historic churches, houses, and buildings of Paris).

For this post, I'll give some final thoughts on Paris and then later next week I'll introduce you to my new home on coast of the Mediterranean! After spending a month in Paris, here are some of my favorite activities  and what I would recommend to anyone visiting the city:

-Tour the Château de Versailles: This mini kingdom exudes the grandeur and excessiveness of Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette. Within minutes of walking through the chapel, ballrooms, and private bedrooms, it's easy to understand the revolutionary sentiment the boiling up among the thousands of commoners that were starving and cold. This place carries immense historical importance from the 18th century as well as more recently in the 20th century with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. I would add the recommendation of going in the spring or summer when the gardens are in their full beauty. Below is a picture of my roommate and I in the Hal of Mirrors and on the left is Marie Antoinette's bed.

-Descend into the Catacombs: Certainly not for the faint of heart, but certainly a major part of French history and a must-see. There are the bones of eleven million people all purposefully placed in a design from the 17th and 18th century. The bones came from graveyards that had reached their capacity (some literally overflowing) so the oldest bodies that had already decomposed were moved here to make room for new graves. Below, the entrance reads "Stop. It is here the empire of the dead."

-Sacré-Coeur:This is my favorite church in Paris. Not only is it beautiful on the inside, but the view from in front is breath taking. Even though it's on the outskirts of the city and sits high on top of a hill, it's certainly worth the climb. Montmartre is the neighborhood below it full of small streets without cars so it's a great place for finding food, art, and shopping without as many tourists as in the heart of the city.

-Eat the street food: Some of the best food I had in Paris was grab-and-go type food for less than 8 euro. On nearly every block there is a "patisserie" or "boulangerie" and in addition to breads and pastries, these places offer pre-made sandwiches that are very flavorful and filling. Some of these are pressed and heated and are what they call "paninis." Many small restaurants have what looks like a drive-thru window where you can grab a panini, café, and of course a crêpe! The clear favorite among my group was the classic crêpe with Nutella, but my personal preference was for the savory crêpes filled with cheese and veggies. I loved this type of food and all of these places are fast, cheap, and open very late.

-Go up the Eiffel Tower: No picture of "la Tour Eiffel" can compare to standing right under it in person. The entire structure seems to have a glow to it and its size is just massive! I would really suggest going up during the day for an amazing 360 view of Paris and also returning at night to see the entire structure sparkle every hour. This was the most beautiful five minutes in Paris.

There are many great things to do in Paris that I did not mention above, so please comment if you'd like to know more. As for some other important information to know if you are visiting the city:
-Do be on guard for pick-pocketers. They are well-trained.
-Don't smile at passing strangers. In the States it's common to smile in a friendly acknowledgment, but in France this is interpreted as too personal and may make the other person uncomfortable or may bring you unwelcome attention.
-Do greet every store owner with "Bonjour" when you enter and say "Au revoir"when you leave.
-Do try to use some French. Making a little effort to use French when meeting someone or ordering food is appreciated (though it may not seem like it at times).

There's so much more to say about Paris than I could ever write! Feel free to add any comments or questions and I'd be happy to respond.

À bientôt,
Kara

Bonjour!

As I should have mentioned earlier, I welcome any and all questions and comments! 

I'm in my third week of living in Paris and I have so much to write about, but bare with me because I'm going to write just a little more about "Je Suis Charlie" since I attended the solidarity march last Sunday. 

(Over 3.7 million people marched in France that day.)

The march is something I'll never forget. That day the metro was free so everyone and their cousin was on board. Cars were packed so tightly that people's faces were smushed against the windows. I talked with a young Parisian woman on the train who thanked the group of us for coming to show support as students from the U.S. Naturally, the absence of U.S. leadership at the march did not go unnoticed and was in fact a little embarrassing.

           
 (Many girls and women wore pencils in their hair. The sign in the third picture reads "I am Charlie I am Police I am Muslim I am Jewish. Not even afraid.")

For this trip I have been trying not to compare France to the U.S. and just see this country for what it is as a unique, independent culture. As I mentioned before, I see this as the "crucible" moment for this country, and I can't help but think about how different response would be in U.S. given the same situation. For one, I think that it would the attack would be instantly politicized with blame shooting across both sides and especially at the president who somehow "let this happen." Second, I believe that rather than looking at the larger picture and planning a global march for peace, U.S. leaders would think more insular and react by amping up security and the DoD budget. 

So didn't plan on writing so much about this, so I'll try to wrap it up with what I felt the sentiment of the march was about, what I really liked about it, and what worries me about it. The general feeling I got from the crowd and from listening to the news and the people, is that this was clearly not just a French march for  justice for the Charlie Hebdo attack. This was a global march for peace and for a future where these terrorist attacks do not happen. This is one area (of several) in which I think the marches in Ferguson fell short. They were too polarizing between supporting the victim and supporting the police. So I appreciated that this march had a message that nearly everyone could stand behind, as evident by the wide array of world leaders in attendance. That being said, and as with Ferguson, unfortunately there was no clear "bumper-sticker" message or title for this event that could help carry it on into a movement. What worries me about the march is that this will likely fall into the same pit as the NYC Climate March. It was of such a massive scale with great potential and the best intensions, yet I fear this may pass as the climatic point for an anti-terrorism movement rather than become a great step up the ladder to peace. This is where leadership is key. It's leadership that takes a huge moment, idea, or event and turns it into a true movement or revolution. We need leadership that can simplify, shape, label, organize, and mobilize people in oder to turn this march into a movement. 

À bientôt,

Kara

Bonjour toute le monde!
I am writing to you at the conclusion of my school week here in France. And what a wild and dramatic one it has been! I first want to address what many of you may have seen in the news back home. I won't spend too much time recapping the events (which can be found on any major news outlet) because I want to instead talk about the response from France and my observations.

On the Wednesday of the initial shooting at the Charlie Hebdo news magazine office, my class was walking around the city to study examples medieval architecture. Before we knew of the event, most of us noticed a high number police cars and ambulances driving by but we hadn't been living in the city long enough to conclude what is normal and what isn't. President Hollande immediately labeled the event as a terrorist attack (the first in France in recent memory) and arrived at the site where 12 people were killed. This was a surprising move to me as I thought that in the event of a terrorist attack, a nation's leader would be kept away in a secure location. I think this was, however, a smart leadership move as it showed strength and bravery as well provides a leadership presence to those on the scene with the reassurance that all of France expresses its solidarity and support.

Over the next few days of the manhunt for the shooters, Paris was on its highest security alert. We saw uniformed guards with guns  at metro stations, museums, outside schools, and around major monuments. Restaurants and other businesses had signs in their windows saying "Je Suis Charlie." Illuminated across the top of l'Arc de Triomphe was "Paris est Charlie" and at night when la Tour Eiffel normally sparkles with lights on the hour, it went completely dark in a moment of silence.
The response of the people was overwhelming solidarity as vigils and protests were held in the city.

                        This this how la Tour Eiffel glows every night and sparkles every hour.

News of the event is still pouring in and I should note the the study abroad company I'm with has been keeping us somewhat informed and updated. So these are just my initial observations from the city, and I'll be able to take a better look at this "crucible moment" for Paris as I learn more. In my next post, I'll talk more about my trip and what I've been up to, but I want to add in some pictures now to break up all the reading and give you a little preview of my adventures.

 Bakeries, called Patisseries, are on every street. And yes, they are just as delicious as they look!



                                                This is the famous bookstore that's full of the classics (in English), including all the novel you were assigned to read in high school.

Hello Readers!
Tomorrow I will be leaving Boston to fly across the Atlantic to the city of Paris. For the month of January I'll be living in a hostel and taking classes at Sorbonne IV, a French University. After completing the J-Term in Paris, I'll head to the southern coast of France to start my spring semester in Cannes. This blog will be one outlet for me to document my thoughts, feelings, and experiences throughout this adventure.

First off, I should warn you that I am not a writer nor a diary keeper so this online journal is a bit of an experiment and all new to me, but that seems to fall in line with the theme to the whole trip. The travel blogs that I've read (which is admittedly not many), range from being a cut and dry description of the places the author visited and things they ate, to others that detail great epiphanies about the world and people. While I will probably tell you about the latest funky cheese or fancy pastry I've tried, I also hope to have several revelations to describe to you, I think I want the focus of this blog to be leadership.

In France I have the opportunity to witness and have first-hand experience with a different style of leadership. My plan is to use the Lewis model of culture clusters to identify real-world examples of Lewis' theories of the French leadership style. With most of you being fellow leadership students, I hope that you will find this blog helpful as well as interesting.

But before all that, let me first tell you about what I'm doing in France and why. The J-Term is a month long stay in Paris where I'll take a single course on the "History of Architecture in Paris."At the end on January, I'll travel to Cannes for a full semester in which three of my five classes will be language courses. The main objective for studying abroad, besides exposure to a new leadership style, is to become proficient in the French language. One of the reasons I chose this program in Cannes was because it offers a language concentration so that I could work towards my goal. In mid-May there is the world famous, international Cannes Film Festival. The college that I'll be attending provides students with passes to viewings as well as volunteer opportunities at the festival. While this was not a deciding factor in choosing the program, it is a huge, glamorous bonus.

Overall, I am very excited for this opportunity to apply my leadership studies, travel Europe, drink fine wine, and possibly watch a film with Joseph Gordon-Levitt.

À bientôt,
Kara